Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A44 - a

Species : Serpentine (Antigorite)    
Chemical Formula : (Mg, Fe)3Si2O5(OH)4  
Identification Characteristics :
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:2.5 ~ 3.5           S.G.:2.61
Cleavage: Perfect Basal    
R.I.: 1.55 ~ 1.56                D.R.: 0.001
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal to Splintery
Spectral Characteristics: 
360、375、675、1050 (cm-1)

A44 - b

Species : Serpentine (Antigorite)    
Chemical Formula : (Mg, Fe)3Si2O5(OH)4  
Identification Characteristics :
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:2.5 ~ 3.5           S.G.:2.61
Cleavage: Perfect Basal    
R.I.: 1.55 ~ 1.56                D.R.: 0.001
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal to Splintery
Spectral Characteristics: 
360、375、675、1050 (cm-1)

A46

Species : Sodalite      
Chemical Formula :    Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2
Identification Characteristics : 
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6       S.G.:2.14 ~ 2.40
Cleavage: Poor       
R.I.: 1.50 (Average)   D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics: 
262、292、463、986、1059 (cm-1) 

A47

Species : Spessartine Garnet      
Chemical Formula :   Mn3Al2(SiO4)3  
Identification Characteristics :  
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:7            S.G.:4.16
Cleavage: None    
R.I.: 1.79 ~ 1.81     D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics: 
315、345、370、550、849、 907、1029 (cm-1)

A48 - a

Species : Spinel     
Chemical Formula :   MgAl2O4  
Identification Characteristics :  
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:7.5 ~ 8     S.G.:3.60
Cleavage: None    
R.I.: 1.71 ~ 1.73       D.R.: None      
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
307、404、663、765 (cm-1) 

A48 - b

Species : Spinel     
Chemical Formula :   MgAl2O4  
Identification Characteristics :  
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:7.5 ~ 8     S.G.:3.60
Cleavage: None    
R.I.: 1.71 ~ 1.73       D.R.: None      
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
307、404、663、765 (cm-1) 

A49

Species : Spodumene     
Chemical Formula :   LiAlSi2O6
Identification Characteristics :   
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7.5   S.G.:3.0 ~ 3.2
Cleavage: Perfect    
R.I.: 1.66 ~ 1.67        D.R.: 0.015
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
292、352、390、439、521、585、706、1073 (cm-1) 

B45

Species : Scapolite    
Chemical Formula :   (Na,Ca)4Al3Si9O24Cl  
Identification Characteristics :  
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6     S.G.:2.50 ~ 2.78
Cleavage: Perfect   
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.58       D.R.: 0.020     
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics: 
260、294、359、419、459、534、768 (cm-1)

B46 - a

Species : Scheelite       
Chemical Formula :    CaWO4   
Identification Characteristics :  
Classification: Tungstate
Hardness:4.5 ~ 5      S.G.:5.9 ~ 6.1
Cleavage: Perfect   
R.I.: 1.92 ~ 1.93        D.R.: 0.017
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
331、398、796、836、911(cm-1)

B46 - b

Species : Scheelite       
Chemical Formula :    CaWO4   
Identification Characteristics :  
Classification: Tungstate
Hardness:4.5 ~ 5      S.G.:5.9 ~ 6.1
Cleavage: Perfect   
R.I.: 1.92 ~ 1.93        D.R.: 0.017
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
331、398、796、836、911(cm-1)

B48

Species : Sillimanite        
Chemical Formula :     Al2SiO5   
Identification Characteristics :  
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7.5    S.G.:3.23 ~ 3.27
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.66 ~ 1.68         D.R.: 0.019         
Crystal System:  Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
308、420、455、483、539、595、962、1128(cm-1)

B49

Species : Sinhalite        
Chemical Formula :     MgAlBO4   
Identification Characteristics : 
Classification: Borate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7       S.G.:3.48
Cleavage: Imperfect   
R.I.: 1.67 ~ 1.71         D.R.: 0.038    
Crystal System:  Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics: 
373、411、481、605、708、742、860、1045(cm-1)

B50

Species : Smithsonite       
Chemical Formula :     ZnCO3  
Identification Characteristics :   
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:4 ~ 5          S.G.:4.3 ~ 4.45
Cleavage: Perfect Rhombic
R.I.: 1.62 ~ 1.85         D.R.: 0.230     
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
194、304、730、1092(cm-1)

B51

Species : Sphalerite      
Chemical Formula :     ZnS   
Identification Characteristics :   
Classification: Sulfide
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4      S.G.:3.9 ~ 4.1
Cleavage: Perfect    
R.I.: 2.36 ~ 2.37        D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics: 
349、396、421、669(cm-1)

B52

Species : Sphene       
Chemical Formula :     CaTiSiO5   
Identification Characteristics :     
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:5 ~ 5.5      S.G.:3.45 ~ 3.55
Cleavage: Perfect   
R.I.: 1.84 ~ 2.03        D.R.: 0.120
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics: 
315、332、422、466、545、610、855(cm-1)

B53 - a

Species : Staurolite        
Chemical Formula :  
(Fe, Mg, Zn)2Al9(Si, Al)4O22(OH)2   
Identification Characteristics :
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 7.5      S.G.:3.65 ~ 3.83
Cleavage: Perfect       
R.I.: 1.74 ~ 1.75        D.R.: 0.013
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics: 
303、443、936(cm-1)

B53 - b

Species : Staurolite        
Chemical Formula :  
(Fe, Mg, Zn)2Al9(Si, Al)4O22(OH)2   
Identification Characteristics :
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 7.5      S.G.:3.65 ~ 3.83
Cleavage: Perfect       
R.I.: 1.74 ~ 1.75        D.R.: 0.013
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics: 
303、443、936(cm-1)

B55

Species : Sugilite       
Chemical Formula :   KNa2(Fe,Mn,Al)2Li3Si12O30   
Identification Characteristics : 
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6.5    S.G.:2.7 ~ 2.8
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.60                    D.R.: 0.003
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
277、333、444、1004、1137(cm-1) 

C22

Species : Siderite       
Chemical Formula :     FeCO3   
Identification Characteristics : 
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:4              S.G.:3.96
Cleavage: Perfect Rhombic
R.I.: 1.51 ~ 1.70       D.R.: 0.39
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
288、486、726、1087(cm-1)

C23

Species : Sapphirine       
Chemical Formula :  
(Mg,Al)8(Al,Si)6O20
Identification Characteristics :  
Classification:  Silicate
Hardness:7.5          S.G.:3.40 ~ 3.50
Cleavage: Poor         
R.I.: 1.70 ~ 1.73       D.R.: 0.033
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal、Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
468、497、565、588、685、912(cm-1)

C24

Species :  Syn. moissanite       
Chemical Formula :     SiC  
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: None
Hardness:9.5          S.G.:3.96
Cleavage: None          
R.I.: 2.65 ~ 2.69      D.R.: 0.043
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics: 
765、787、966(cm-1)

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