Gemstone ID - 785nm
A07
Species : Calcite
Chemical Formula : CaCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3 S.G.:2.71
Cleavage: Rhombic
R.I.: 1.48 ~ 1.66 D.R.: 0.172
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
280、712、1086 (cm-1)
A08 - a
Species : Chalcedony
Chemical Formula : SiO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:7 S.G.:2.65
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.53 ~ 1.54 D.R.: 0.004
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353、392、464 (cm-1)
Comment:
Characteristic spectra of quartz
A08 - b
Species : Chalcedony
Chemical Formula : SiO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:7 S.G.:2.65
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.53 ~ 1.54 D.R.: 0.004
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353、392、464 (cm-1)
Comment:
Characteristic spectra of quartz
Gemstone ID - 532nm
A07 - a
Species : Calcite
Chemical Formula : CaCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3 S.G.:2.71
Cleavage: Rhombic
R.I.: 1.48 ~ 1.66 D.R.: 0.172
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
280、712、1086 (cm-1)
A07 - b
Species : Calcite
Chemical Formula : CaCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3 S.G.:2.71
Cleavage: Rhombic
R.I.: 1.48 ~ 1.66 D.R.: 0.172
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
280、712、1086 (cm-1)
A07 -c
Species : Calcite
Chemical Formula : CaCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3 S.G.:2.71
Cleavage: Rhombic
R.I.: 1.48 ~ 1.66 D.R.: 0.172
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
280、712、1086 (cm-1)
A08
Species : Chalcedony
Chemical Formula : SiO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:7 S.G.:2.65
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.53 ~ 1.54 D.R.: 0.004
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353、392、464 (cm-1)
Comment:
Characteristic spectra of quartz
A09
Species : Chrysoberyl
Chemical Formula : BeAl2O4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:8.5 S.G.:3.7 ~ 3.8
Cleavage: Prismatic
R.I.: 1.74 ~ 1.75 D.R.: 0.009
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
351、372、422、436、461、479、520、549
、641、780、934 (cm-1)
A10
Species : Coral (Calcareous)
Chemical Formula : CaCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4 S.G.:2.65
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.49 ~ 1.66 D.R.: 2.68
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: None
Spectral Characteristics:
280、713、1088、1131、1518 (cm-1)
A12
Species : Corundum(Ruby、Sapphire)
Chemical Formula : Al2O3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:9 S.G.:4.0 ~ 4.1
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.76 ~ 1.77 D.R.: 0.008
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
376、415、575、643、749 (cm-1)
A13
Species : CZ (Cubic Zirconia)
Chemical Formula : ZrO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: None
Hardness:8.5 S.G.:5.80
Cleavage: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
402 (cm-1)
B14
Species : Cassiterite
Chemical Formula : SnO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:6 ~ 7 S.G.:7
Cleavage: Poor
R.I.: 2.00 ~ 2.10 D.R.: 0.100
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
438、473、632、693、777 (cm-1)
B15
Species : Charoite
Chemical Formula :
(K, Na)5(Ca,Ba,Sr)8Si18O46(OH)‧3H2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:4.5 ~ 5.5 S.G.:2.54 ~ 2.68
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.55 D.R.: 0.009
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
638、675、953、1050、1141 (cm-1)
B17
Species : Chrysocolla
Chemical Formula : (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4‧nH2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:2 ~ 4 S.G.:2.0 ~ 2.4
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.57 ~ 1.63 D.R.: 0.030
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
336、407、673 (cm-1)
Comment: Occasionally with paragenetic minerals, such as quartz and malachite.
C05
Species : Celestine
Chemical Formula : SrSO4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Sulfate
Hardness:3 ~ 3.5 S.G.:3.96 ~ 3.98
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.62 ~ 1.63 D.R.: 0.010
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
455、622、656、1000、1157 (cm-1)
C06-a
Species : Cerussite
Chemical Formula : PbCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3 ~ 3.5 S.G.:6.55
Cleavage: Prismatic
R.I.: 1.80 ~ 2.08 D.R.: 0.274
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
672、694、837、1054 (cm-1)
C06-b
Species : Cerussite
Chemical Formula : PbCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3 ~ 3.5 S.G.:6.55
Cleavage: Prismatic
R.I.: 1.80 ~ 2.08 D.R.: 0.274
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
672、694、837、1054 (cm-1)
C07
Species : Chrysocolla in chalcedony
Chemical Formula :
Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 ‧ nH2O
Identification Characteristics : Classification: Oxide
Hardness:7 S.G.:2.65
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.55 D.R.: 0.009
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353、462、500 (cm-1)
C08
Species : Cinnabar
Chemical Formula : HgS
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Sulfide
Hardness:2 ~ 2.5 S.G.:8.0 ~ 8.2
Cleavage: Perfect Prismatic
R.I.: 2.91 ~ 3.26 D.R.: 0.351
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
260、287、343(cm-1)